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L. Watts, "Computing Architectures Based on the Human Auditory Pathway", Sandia National Labs / DARPA Neuro-Inspired Computational Elements Workshop, February 25-27, 2013, Albuquerque, New Mexico, http://nice.sandia.gov/presentations.html .
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L. Watts, "Computing Architectures Based on the Human Auditory Pathway", Video of workshop presentation.
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L. Watts, "Reverse-Engineering the Human Auditory Pathway", in J. Liu et al. (Eds.): IEEE WCCI 2012, LNCS 7311, pp. 47–59, 2012.
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S. Isabelle, L. Watts, "Additional inter-lab comparison of test results according to EG 202-396-3", 3GPP TSG-SA4#66, Tdoc S4-111006, Jeju Island, Korea, November 7-11, 2011.
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S. Isabelle, M. Parvaix, L. Watts, "P.ONRA Contribution – Additional results from a candidate algorithm", ITU COM 12 - C 288 - E, Study Group 12, Contribution 288, October 2011, Geneva, Switzerland.
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L. Watts, "Distortion Measurement for Noise Suppression System",
United States Patent
Number 8,032,364, October 4, 2011.
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L. Watts, S. Isabelle, M. Parvaix, "Correlation of ETSI EG 202 396-3 Objective Speech Quality Measures to P.835 Subjective Test Results", 3GPP TSG-SA4#65, Tdoc S4-110763, Kista, Sweden, August 15-19, 2011.
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L. Watts, M. Parvaix, S. Isabelle, "P.ONRA contribution – preliminary results from candidate algorithm", ITU COM 12 - C 184 - E, Study Group 12, Contribution 184, January 2011, Geneva, Switzerland.
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L. Watts, "2-Microphone Noise Reduction for Cell Phones Based on the Human Auditory Pathway", Speech In Noise Workshop, Lyon, France, January 6-7, 2011.
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L. Watts, "Real-Time, High-Resolution Simulation of the
Auditory Pathway, with Application to Cell-Phone
Noise Reduction", ISCAS 2010, June 2, 2010,
pp. 3821-3824.
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L. Watts (featured contributor), "Nexus One: The Story - Episode 1: Concept & Design", Google Technology Video,
February, 2010.
A video describing Audience's contribution in the first high-profile product available in the United States.
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P. Zhang, L. Watts, "Voice Enhancement Devices: Amendment 1: Revised Appendix II - Objective Measures for the Characterization of the basic functioning of noise reduction algorithms", ITU-T Recommendation G.160 Amendment 1, November, 2009.
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L. Watts, "Cellphone Noise Reduction Based on the Human Hearing System", Audience Technology Video,
2009.
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L. Watts, D. Massie, A. Sansano, J. Huey, "Voice Processors Based on the Human Hearing System", IEEE Micro,
March/April 2009, pp. 54–61.
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D. Klein, L. Watts, "Reverberation Removal",
United States Patent
Number 7,508,948, March 24, 2009.
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L. Watts, "Advanced Noise Reduction for Mobile Telephony", IEEE Computer,
vol. 41, no. 8, August 2008, pp. 90-92.
The first formal publication describing Audience's first product.
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L. Watts, "Multi-Source Phoneme Classification for Noise-Robust Automatic Speech Recognition",
United States Patent
Number 7,319,959, January 15, 2008.
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L. Watts, "Subjective test methodology for evaluating speech communication systems that include noise suppression algorithm, Amendment 1: New Appendix III - Additional provisions for nonstationary noise suppressors",
ITU-T Recommendation P.835 Amendment 1, October, 2007.
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L. Watts, "The Future of Cognitive Computing", in Cognitive Computing 2007,
2007.
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L. Watts, "Commercializing Auditory Neuroscience", in Frontiers of Engineering:
Reports on Leading-Edge Engineering from the 2006 Symposium, published by National Academy of Engineering,
2007, pp. 5-14.
This document described the evolving commercial agenda for Audience, as the product strategy began to develop.
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L. Watts, "Efficient Computation of Log-Frequency-Scale Digital Filter Cascade",
United States Patent
Number 7,076,315, July 11, 2006.
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L. Watts, "Computation of Multi-Sensor Time Delays",
United States Patent
Number 6,792,118, September 14, 2004.
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L. Watts, "Visualizing Complexity in the Brain", in Computational Intelligence: The Experts Speak, edited by D. Fogel and C. Robinson, IEEE Press/Wiley,
2003, pp. 45-56.
This keynote speech provided the first formal publication of the scientific agenda for Audience.
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L. Watts, "Memory Cell Array for Performing a Comparison",
United States Patent
Number 6,198,668, March 6, 2001.
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L. Watts, early Neuroscience web page, written in 2000.
Describes agenda for reverse-engineering the auditory pathway,
early real-time cochlear model running on Xilinx board at Interval, early Quicktime animations -- an early look at the scientific foundation for Audience.
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L. Watts, early Cochlear Models web page, written in 2000.
Summarizes the pre-Audience work on analytical (mathematical) cochlear models and analog electronic cochlear models. |
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L. Watts, "The Mode-Coupling Liouville-Green Approximation
for a two-dimensional Cochlear Model", Journal of the
Acoustical Society of America, vol. 108, no. 5, pp. 2266-2271,
Nov., 2000.
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P. Hafliger, M. Mahowald, L. Watts, "A Spike-Based Learning
Neuron in Analog VLSI", Proceedings of the the Ninth
Neural Information Processing Systems Conference, 1996.
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L. Watts, "Event-Driven Simulation of Networks of Spiking Neurons",
Proceedings of the Sixth Neural Information Processing
Systems Conference, 1993, pp. 927-934.
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L. Watts, Spike and Neuralog software release, 1993.
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L. Watts, "Cochlear Mechanics: Analysis and Analog VLSI",
Doctoral Dissertation, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena, CA, 1992.
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L. Watts, "Designing Networks of Spiking Silicon Neurons
and Synapses", Proceedings of Computation and Neural Systems
Meeting CNS*92, San Francisco, CA, 1992.
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L. Watts, D. Kerns, R. Lyon, C. Mead, "Improved Implementation
of the Silicon Cochlea", IEEE Journal of Solid-state Circuits,
vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 692-700, May, 1992.
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D. Kirk, K. Fleischer, L. Watts, A. Barr, "Constrained Optimization
Applied to the Parameter Setting Problem for Analog Circuits",
Proceedings of the Fourth Neural Information Processing
Systems Conference, 1991, pp. 789-796.
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L. Watts, R. F. Lyon, C. Mead, "A Bidirectional Analog VLSI
Cochlear Model", Advanced Research in VLSI, Proceedings of the
1991 Santa Cruz Conference, C. Sequin, ed., Cambridge, MA: MIT
Press, 1991, pp. 153-163.
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V. Cuperman, L. Watts, R. Pettigrew, "Low Delay Vector
Backward Predictive Coding of Speech", United States Patent
Number 4,963,034, October 16, 1990. Sold in 1999 to Cisco for $1M.
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L. Watts, "Vector quantization and scalar linear prediction for waveform coding of speech at 16 kb/s",
M.A.Sc. Thesis, Simon Fraser University, 1990.
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L. Watts, V. Cuperman, "A Vector ADPCM
Analysis-by-Synthesis Configuration for 16 kbit/s Speech Coding",
Proc. GLOBECOM, Hollywood, Florida, November, 1988.
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L. Watts, V. Cuperman, "Design of a 16 kbit/s Vector ADPCM
Speech Coding Algorithm", Proc. Can. Conf. on Elec. and Comp. Eng.,
Vancouver, Canada, November, 1988.
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L. Watts, "Development of a VLSI Viterbi Codec", Proc. IEEE
Pacific Rim Conf., June, 1987.
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